Hunting doves requires precision and the right ammunition. Choosing the best 20 gauge dove load is crucial for a successful and ethical hunt. This isn't just about bagging birds; it's about making clean, quick kills that minimize suffering. This guide will help you navigate the world of 20 gauge dove loads and select the optimal shell for your shotgun and hunting style.
Understanding the Key Factors in Choosing a Dove Load
Several factors influence the performance of a 20 gauge dove load. Understanding these factors will empower you to make an informed decision:
1. Shot Size: The Foundation of Effective Dove Hunting
Shot size is arguably the most critical element. For doves, #7.5 or #8 shot are generally considered ideal. These smaller shot sizes provide a dense pattern at typical dove hunting ranges (20-40 yards), increasing the likelihood of a clean kill. Larger shot sizes, while possessing more energy, often spread too widely at these distances, resulting in fewer hits and potentially wounded birds.
2. Payload: Finding the Sweet Spot
The payload, or the amount of shot in each shell, also affects pattern density. While more shot might seem better, it can also lead to excessive recoil and a wider pattern, especially with smaller shot sizes. Most effective dove loads will range between 7/8 and 1 ounce of shot. Experimentation can help you determine the optimal payload for your specific gun and shooting style.
3. Shot Type: Lead vs. Non-Toxic
Traditional lead shot is effective, but environmental regulations in many areas require the use of non-toxic alternatives. Popular choices include steel, bismuth, and other non-toxic options. Keep in mind that non-toxic shot often requires slightly larger shot sizes to achieve similar patterns to lead shot. Check your local regulations to determine the legality of lead shot in your hunting area.
4. Shell Type: Understanding the Variations
While the shot itself is crucial, the overall shell type can impact performance and your shooting experience. Factors to consider include:
- Plastic vs. Paper Hulls: Plastic hulls tend to be more durable and reloadable, while paper hulls offer a more traditional approach and are often more readily biodegradable.
- High-Brass vs. Low-Brass: High-brass shells generally offer higher velocity, but this comes at the cost of increased recoil. Low-brass shells provide a milder recoil but may sacrifice some range and pattern density.
Recommended 20 Gauge Dove Loads
While individual preferences and shooting styles can influence the best choice, several consistently well-regarded 20 gauge loads are often cited by experienced dove hunters. Note: This is not an exhaustive list, and availability may vary based on your location and retailer. Remember to always consult the manufacturer's specifications and safety guidelines before using any ammunition.
- Loads using #7.5 or #8 shot (lead or non-toxic): These offer the optimal balance of pattern density and energy for effective dove hunting at typical ranges. Look for loads within the 7/8 to 1 ounce shot weight range.
- High-velocity loads: These are beneficial for longer shots, but increased recoil must be considered.
Tips for Successful Dove Hunting
Beyond ammunition selection, other factors significantly impact your success:
- Practice: Regular practice is essential to develop your shooting skills and become comfortable with your chosen ammunition.
- Shotgun Choke: Using an improved cylinder or modified choke is often recommended for dove hunting to achieve an appropriate shot pattern.
- Shot Placement: Focus on clean, quick shots to the head or neck to ensure a humane kill.
By carefully considering shot size, payload, shot type, and shell type, and by practicing your shooting skills, you can select the best 20 gauge dove load to maximize your success and ensure ethical hunting practices. Remember that responsible hunting involves not just bagging birds but ensuring they are harvested quickly and efficiently.
